06 June 2016

THE NOUN (A COMPLETE EXPLANATION)




NOUN
Noun: A noun is a naming word in a sentence, naming word of a person,                  place, thing or an idea.
For example:
Shivani is a student. (Shivani and student are names of people - noun)
Hyderabad is a big city. (Hyderabad and city are names of places - noun)
This is a teak wooden table. (Table is the name of a thing – noun)
Friendship lasts forever. (Friendship is the name of an idea – noun)
According to the nature, number and gender of the nouns, they are classified into deferent groups. To rescue from confusion flow chart is not given.
They are . . .
1.      Concrete Noun
2.      Abstract Noun
3.      Proper Noun
4.      Common Noun
5.      Material Noun
6.      Collective Noun
7.      Countable Noun
8.      Uncountable Noun
9.      Singular Noun
10.  Plural Noun
11.  Feminine gender Noun
12.  Masculine gender Noun
13.  Neuter gender Noun
14.  Common gender Noun
Let’s find how they are named like that with some examples and explanation. Keep the fundamental rule in mind that the ‘Noun’ is a naming word in a sentence.
1.      Concrete Noun: The word that names something which can be seen or touched is called ‘Concrete Noun’
a.     A hen is a bird. (You can see or touch hen and bird.)
b.     Gold is a metal. (You can see or touch gold and metal.)
c.      Look! A flock of birds are flying over there. (You can see or touch flock and birds.)
d.     The Indian elephants are famous around the globe. (You can see or touch elephants and globe.)
2.      Abstract Noun: The word that names something which cannot be seen and touched is called ‘Abstract Noun.’
a.     Honesty is the best policy. (You cannot see or touch honesty and policy)
b.     Parents love on children cannot be compared. (You cannot see or touch love.)
c.      Teachers like the cleverness and sincerity of the students. (You cannot see or touch cleverness and sincerity.)    
d.     Confidence leads you towards success. (You cannot see or touch confidence and success.)

Contrast between concrete and abstract nouns in a table.

Concrete Noun (can see or touch)
Abstract Noun (cannot see or touch)
friend
friendship
lover
love
ruler
ruling
philosopher
philosophy
psychologist
psychology
student
study
teacher
teaching






3.      Proper Noun: The word that names a particular person, place or thing. A proper noun always begins with a capital letter.
a.     Rajendra Prasad is a comedian and character artiste. (There are many comedians and artistes but Rejendra Prasad is a particular one.)
b.     Hyderabad is the capital city of Telangana state. (There are many cities and states but Hyderabad and Telangana are the particular ones.)
c.      Titanic is the greatest ship ever floated on the sea. (There are many ships but Titanic is a particular one.)
d.     Hanuman is my favourite god. (There are many gods according to the Hinduism but Hanuman is a particular one.)
4.      Common Noun: It is a naming word that is common to many of its kind.
a.     A doctor is a person who treats diseases. (Any person who treats diseases is called a doctor. It is common to all who treats diseases.)
b.     Kohli is a great cricketer. (Any person who plays cricket is called a cricketer. It is common to all who play cricket.)
c.      What is the capital city of Australia? (Many places are called cities. It is common to all.)
d.     Have you ever travelled on a ship? (There are many ships. It is common to all.)
Contrast between common and proper nouns in a table.
Common Noun (common to its kind)
Proper Noun (Particular one)
Pranab Mukharjee,
Venkatraman, Prathibha Patil, Radhakrishnan etc

president
Hyderabad, Sidney,
New Delhi, Canberra,
Johannesburg, London etc

city
Telangana express
Janatha express
Jammutavi express

train
Dr. Rajan
Dr. Vishal
Dr. Manogna

doctor






5.      Material Noun: It is a naming word that names materials.
a.     India women love to have gold as ornaments.
b.     Platinum is costlier than gold.
c.      Copper is used in electrical cables.
d.     Most Indian kitchens bear aluminium vessels.
6.      Collective Noun: It is a naming word which names a group of people or things as a unit.
a.     We can see cattle in villages. (A group of animals as a unit)
b.     A bunch of grapes is enough for my dinner. (A group of grapes as a unit)
c.      We proud to be Indian nation. (A group of people as a unit)
d.     A gang sneaked and robbed us last night. (A group of thieves as a unit)
7.      Countable Noun: It is a naming word for which we can count.
a.     I have just bought a book for my notes. (You can count books as one book, two books, and three books and so on.)
b.     Egg is a healthy food. (You can count egg as one egg, two eggs, and three eggs and so on.)
c.      We have forty students in our class.
d.     Man is mortal.
8.      Uncountable Noun: It is a naming word for that we cannot count.
a.     Humanity is immortal. (You cannot count humanity. You cannot say a humanity or ten humanity)
b.     Milk is good for all. (You cannot count milk. You cannot say one milk or five milk)
c.      Gold is a precious metal. (You cannot count gold. You cannot say one gold or thirty three gold)
d.     Consumption of more sugar damages health. (You cannot count sugar. You cannot say one sugar or hundred sugar)

Contrast between countable and uncountable nouns in a table.

Countable Noun
(can be counted)
Uncountable Noun
(cannot be counted)
book
milk
egg
ink
shirt
sugar
pencil
oil
house
gold
rat
honesty
staples
butter
tables
bread
keys
sand
bag
salt
letter
water






9.      Singular Noun: It is a naming word of a person, place, or thing that one in counting.
10.  Plural Noun: It is a naming word of persons, places, or things which can be more than one in counting.
Contrast between singular and plural nouns in a table.

Singular Noun
(can be one in counting)
Plural Noun
(can be more than one in counting)
book
books
tomato
tomatoes
friend
friends
pen
pens
computer
computers
bicycle
bicycles
rupee
rupees
foot
feet
man
men
mouse
mice
tooth
teeth






11.  Feminine gender Noun: It is a naming word of a female of its kind.
12.  Masculine gender Noun: It is a naming word of a male of its kind.
13.  Neuter gender Noun: It is a naming word of something that we cannot say whether male or female.
14.  Common gender Noun: It is a naming word of something that can be male or female of its kind.

Contrast among the four different nouns in a table.
Feminine gender noun
Masculine gender noun
Common gender noun
Neuter gender noun
girl
boy
child
tree
Shivani
Swagath
teacher
coffee
hen
cock
bird
computer
lioness
lion
animal
book
heroine
hero
artist
road

Note: While reading the article you might have observed that a noun may belong to many groups according to its nature, number and gender.
For example:
1.      A girl is a female child.
common noun, feminine gender noun, countable noun, concrete and singular noun
2.      A computer can do many things faster than human being.
common noun, neuter gender noun, countable noun, concrete noun and plural noun

Now try these:

3.      The lioness is the real hunter of the forest. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.      A bird is the mother air bus invention. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
5.      Every household has a television. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
6.      Soft drinks can be sold in bottles. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7.      An apple keeps the doctor away. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.      Every child can play with a ball. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9.      Jump over the wall! ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10.  I have black hair. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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